- Collab - lists.millets2023.space

Millet culture & cuisine in Taiwan, & repatriation of foxtail millet
by Don Osborn 06 Oct '24

06 Oct '24

Here are two items on millets in Taiwan - a survey article on the subject, which mentions six millets and how they are used, and a video on "repatriation" of varieties of foxtail millet originally from Taiwan (thanks to David Brenner for sharing the latter). THE ARTICLE & ABSTRACT Takei, Emiko. (2013). Millet Culture and Indigenous Cuisine in Taiwan. Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Chinese Food Culture. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267747587_Millet_Culture_and_Indig… "Millets (small grain crops) have been important in many ways for Taiwanese indigenous people. They have served as staple foods along with upland rice, taro, and sweet potato. Historically, millets had a higher status in rituals than rice. Recently, foxtail millet has become a symbolic food for Taiwanese indigenous people in most regions of Taiwan. Botanically, millets in Taiwan include introduced and endemic species. Five species, foxtail millet小米 (Setaria italica), sorghum 蜀黍 (Sorghum bicolor), common millet 黍 (Panicum miliaceum), finger millet 穇子 (Eleusine coracana), and Job’s tears 薏苡 (Coix lacryma-jobi subsp. ma-yuen) are thought to be introduced. Taiwan oil millet 台湾油芒 (Spodiopogon formosanus = Eccoilopus formosanus) appears to be an endemic domesticate in Taiwan. This little known millet was confused with other cereal crops for almost a century since it was first botanically identified. The main uses of millets are for food (starch), alcohol production and fermentation with meat and fish (which can then be stored). Glutinous varieties of foxtail millet, common millet and sorghum are used for making sticky cakes (pounded or steamed). Although some community leaders have tried to promote foxtail millet cultivation, most local varieties have already disappeared, and other millet species (especially finger millet and oil millet) are endangered. To help preserve millets and millet culture, the conservation of genetic resources and further documentation of folk knowledge are desired." THE VIDEO "Diverse millet seeds are brought home to Taiwan after 30 years," Taiwan News Formosa TV, 23 Oct. 2022 (11:17) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xyx13QCKk1M "Thirty years ago, an American researcher brought millet seeds from Taiwan to a food bank in the U.S. Now, Taiwanese researcher Kuo Hua-jen has brought those seeds back home as part of the efforts to ensure a diverse food supply. The seeds’ return was met with great fanfare, but there is concern that excitement could fizzle out, since millet is not a lucrative crop in Taiwan, and there is little motivation to grow it. Kuo and others hope to find ways to add value to the crop, to ensure it survives." The actual repatriation happened in 2011: https://grin-u.org/diverse-millet-seeds-are-brought-home-to-taiwan-after-30… The American researcher in question was Dr. Wayne H. Fogg: https://www.registerguard.com/obituaries/p0171729 (This dynamic of bringing back varieties of a millet reminds of Gary's experience taking proso millet varieties from the US back to Mongolia and Turkey.) Don Osborn, PhD (East Lansing, MI, US) North American Millets Alliance

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Shade tolerance in millets (example of foxtail millet)
by Don Osborn 06 Oct '24

06 Oct '24

In a recent posting about browntop millet, I noted a mention of that millet's apparent shade tolerance.* This trait is not something I've seen discussed for any grain before - and my assumption was that one always grew grains in full sunlight. Well, I have since come across this study of shade tolerance in foxtail millet, where it is grown in an agroforestry system with Chinese chestnut: Liu Dan, Cui Yanjiao, Zhao Zilong, Zhang Jing, Li Suying and Liu Zhengli. 2022. "Transcriptome analysis and mining of genes related to shade tolerance in foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.)." Royal Society Open Science. 9:220953 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.220953 Is this a trait that appears in millets other than browntop and foxtail? Don Osborn, PhD (East Lansing, MI, US) North American Millets Alliance Note: * https://lists.millets2023.space/pipermail/collab/2024-September/000648.html

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Crop Science 64(5), Sep/Oct 2024 - Special section on millets (IYM)
by Don Osborn 29 Sep '24

29 Sep '24

The latest issue of Crop Science features a special section on the International Year of Millets. The CFP for this opened in Dec. 2022 and closed at the end of March this year (we mentioned it here in Feb. 2024). The special section includes 12 research articles on sorghum, pearl millet, proso millet, and finger millet, plus one on on production and cultivation dynamics of millets in India. Some of the articles, but not all, are tagged as open access. Thank you to David Brenner for forwarding this. DO, EL, MI, US NAMA ---------- Forwarded message --------- [ . . . ] <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.eKBOukF1WoXfXY7piqe7Nj8loxG6dBQJcmO8l…> [image: Cover Image] <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> *Crop Science* Volume 64, Issue 5 <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Pages: 2419-2907 September/October 2024 Browse table of contents <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> ISSUE INFORMATION Free Access Issue Information <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> First Published: 26 September 2024 [image: Issue Information Issue 5, 2024] <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.eKBOukF1WoXfXY7piqe7Nj8loxG6dBQJcmO8l…> *On the cover*: To commemorate and spread the value and importance of millets at a global level, the United Nations declared 2023 as the International Year of Millets. It is an opportunity to emphasize the uniqueness of millets grown in arid and drier semi-arid regions with low levels of inputs and presenting high resilience to the adverse effects of climate. In this issue we feature articles focused on a range of millet types and research areas including crop improvement and breeding, phenotyping, envirotyping, crop physiology, management, crop modeling, nutritional quality, and grain composition. See the introduction to the special section by lead editors Ignacio Ciampitti, Ramasamy Perumal, and O.P. Yadav (https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21355 <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEB-2FqyvOxZDnCcqF…>). Photo credit: Joshua Machicek. REVIEW Forage & Grazinglands Forage legume responses to climate change factors <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Lynn E. Sollenberger, Marta M. Kohmann Pages: 2419-2432 | First Published: 22 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - Legume forage accumulation, N fixation, and proportion increase in mixed swards under enriched CO2. - Elevated temperature decreases legume nutritive value and may ameliorate positive legume response to enriched CO2. - Drought stress reduces legume forage accumulation, but drought effects on nutritive value are inconsistent. - Climate change may affect legume flower number, nectar composition, pollinator visits, and reproductive success. - Legume responses to climate change can be generalized, but interactions with species and local environments occur. SPECIAL SECTION: INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF MILLETS *Crop Science* special issue: International Year of Millets <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Ignacio A. Ciampitti, Ramasamy Perumal, O. P. Yadav Pages: 2433-2435 | First Published: 17 September 2024 Crop Breeding & Genetics Open Access Invasive sorghum aphid: A decade of research on deciphering plant resistance mechanisms and novel approaches in breeding for sorghum resistance to aphids <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Mahendar Thudi, M. S. Sai Reddy, Yogesh Dashrath Naik, Varun Kumar Reddy Cheruku, Manoj Kumar Reddy Sangireddy, Hugo E. Cuevas, Joseph E. Knoll, Joe Louis, Chandrasekar S. Kousik, Michael D. Toews, Xinzhi Ni, Somashekhar M. Punnuri Pages: 2436-2458 | First Published: 09 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - Understanding aphid–sorghum interactions, mechanisms underlying aphid survival, and plant tolerance is crucial for sorghum breeding. - Efforts are made during the last decade to address sorghum–aphid problems to identify key genes for enhancing resistance to sorghum aphids. - High-throughput technologies coupled with genome-based breeding, genome editing, and artificial intelligence enable accelerated development of aphid-resistant varieties. Production and cultivation dynamics of millets in India <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> O. P. Yadav, D. V. Singh, Vandita Kumari, Manoj Prasad, Sushmita Seni, Roshan Kumar Singh, S. Sood, Lakshmi Kant, B. Dayakar Rao, R. Madhusudhana, B. Venkatesh Bhat, S. K. Gupta, D. K. Yadava, T. Mohapatra Pages: 2459-2484 | First Published: 24 February 2024 *Core Ideas* - There have been significant changes in millet cultivation in India during last seven decades. - Millets registered a 60% decline in area and 200% rise in productivity. - Production of millets has remained same during last seven decades. - Millets would play a greater role in future agriculture due to anticipated challenges posed by climate-change. - Increasing millet productivity and promoting consumption are the key issues to be addressed. Strategies for enhancing productivity, resilience, nutritional quality, and consumption of pearl millet [*Pennisetum glaucum* (L.) R. Br.] for food and nutritional security in India <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> O. P. Yadav, S. K. Gupta, M. Govindaraj, D. V. Singh, A. Verma, R. Sharma, R. S. Mahala, S. K. Srivastava, P. S. Birthal Pages: 2485-2503 | First Published: 02 September 2024 *Core Ideas* - Pearl millet has an important role in increasing climatic resilience of agri-food system and reducing malnutrition. - Strategies of enhancing yield focused on hybrid development, disease resistance, and genetic diversification. - Use of adapted germplasm and elite materials proved effective in amalgamating drought tolerance and productivity. - In future, yield is to be increased along with resilience using conventional, genomics-assisted, and speed breeding. - There is need to enhance the consumption of nutritious pearl millet by strengthening value-chain and creating awareness. Understanding seasonal influence on sorghum productivity traits <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Chandrasekhar Reddy Aruna, R. Madhusudhana, Cheruku Deepika Pages: 2504-2518 | First Published: 14 February 2024 *Core Ideas* - Thirty-two sorghum genotypes were evaluated across five seasons to understand seasonal effects on yield and morphology. - Seasons significantly influenced the range for days to maturity, grain filling period, plant height, and grain weight. - The grain filling period and plant height reduced during summer. - CSH 13, CSH 25, and CSH 16 were high-yielding stable lines across seasons identified through additive main-effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI), genotype + genotype × environment (GGE), and multi-trait stability index (MTSI). - Trait associations slightly differ with seasons, and correlation between grain yield and grain weight was stable. Open Access Envirotyping can increase genomic prediction accuracy of new environments in grain sorghum trials depending on mega‐environment <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Noah D. Winans, Jales M. O. Fonseca, Ramasamy Perumal, Patricia E. Klein, Robert R. Klein, William L. Rooney Pages: 2519-2533 | First Published: 26 February 2024 *Core Ideas* - Envirotyping can increase the information available to a plant breeding program. - Enviromic-assisted genomic prediction can increase the prediction accuracy of unobserved environments. - Genomic prediction can greatly support a breeding program when combined with sparse hybrid trials. Classification of new germplasm into existing heterotic groups of pearl millet [*Pennisetum glaucum* (L.) R. Br.] <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Rakshith Papanna, I. Shanker Goud, Anilkumar Vemula, B. V. Tembhurene, M. K. Meena, Shashi Kumar Gupta Pages: 2534-2551 | First Published: 12 March 2024 *Core Ideas* - There is significant variation observed in pearl millet germplasm owing to its combining ability patterns. - The specific combining ability effect had shown to be useful in determining the heterotic grouping of the pearl millet populations. - Heterotic group composite testers exhibited higher breeding efficiency in classifying new populations into heterotic groups. - Testcross performance, general combining ability effect, and single nucleotide polymorphism based genetic similarity were helpful in assigning inbred lines to heterotic group. - The introduction of new germplasm into heterotic group will broaden the genetic base and enhance genetic gain in hybrid breeding. Drought tolerance and grain yield performance of genetically diverse pearl millet [*Pennisetum glaucum* (L.) R. Br.] seed and restorer parental lines <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Ajay Prasanth Ramalingam, Akilan Rathinagiri, Desalegn D. Serba, Parani Madasamy, Raveendran Muthurajan, P. V. Vara Prasad, Ramasamy Perumal Pages: 2552-2568 | First Published: 29 May 2024 *Core Ideas* - The objective of this study was to identify potential drought-tolerant seed and pollinator lines for pearl millet hybrid development. - The Presence of greater genetic diversity between the B and R lines of pearl millet was revealed. - The Genotype plus genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot indicated the significant environment and treatment effect(s). - Seven seed parents and six pollinators were identified as potential parents to develop high-yielding hybrids for semiarid tropics. Plant Genetic Resources Characterization of finger millet global germplasm diversity panel for grain nutrients content for utilization in biofortification breeding <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Chinnadurai Backiyalakshmi, Chakrapani Babu, Santosh Deshpande, Mahalingam Govindaraj, Rajeev Gupta, Rajaprakasam Sudhagar, Dagunapur Naresh, Seetha Anitha, Ovais Peerzada, Sobhan Sajja, Kuldeep Singh, Mani Vetriventhan Pages: 2569-2588 | First Published: 25 August 2023 *Core Ideas* - Finger millet is a highly versatile dryland crop renowned for its remarkable calcium content. - The study highlights significant variability in the grain nutrients content of finger millet germplasm. - The promising nutrients dense accessions identified are a valuable resource for finger millet improvement. - Consuming 100 g of finger millet grains could potentially contribute up to 49% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance of calcium. Wide hybridization in sorghum with tertiary gene pool for diversification of parental lines <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Kanti Meena, Jinu Jacob, M. Bhavyasri, C. Aruna, P. Sanjana Reddy, P. Rajendrakumar, Avinash Singode, C. Tara Satyavathi, K. B. R. S. Visarada Pages: 2589-2598 | First Published: 15 February 2024 *Core Ideas* - Inter-specific hybridization followed by a single backcross is used to widen the genetic base of sorghum parental lines. - Thirteen derivatives from three inter-specific crosses are evaluated in the field for six seasons. - Morphological data for six seasons in conjunction with molecular data are used for characterization of these lines. - Morphological and molecular clustering revealed that *Sorghum versicolor* derivatives are more dispersed than those of *S. usumbarense* . - Genetically diverse lines with good agronomic performance for use in sorghum breeding programs are identified. Open Access Phenotypic diversity for morpho‐agronomic traits in the US proso millet (*Panicum miliaceum* L.) core collection <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Santosh G. Rajput, Rituraj Khound, Dipak K. Santra Pages: 2599-2611 | First Published: 16 April 2024 *Core Ideas* - The intent of this study was to evaluate 77 proso millet genotypes in the field for nine morpho-agronomic traits. - The genotypes were significantly different for all traits, and new genotypes with desired traits were identified. - Many traits were significantly correlated and were affected by genotype by environment interactions. - Cluster analysis grouped all the genotypes into six major clusters. - The information from this study can be used for selecting parents and selection indices for proso millet breeding. Crop Physiology & Metabolism Impact of root architecture and transpiration rate on drought tolerance in stay‐green sorghum <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Maduraimuthu Djanaguiraman, Srinivasan Gowsiga, Mahalingam Govindaraj, Ephrem Habyarimana, Alagarswamy Senthil, Nallasamy Thavaprakaash, Prabhakaran Jeyakumar, Jayavel Kokilavani, Chellapandiyan Chellammal Pages: 2612-2629 | First Published: 23 September 2023 *Core Ideas* - Sorghum genotypes with contrasting leaf senescence traits were evaluated under drought stress for stay-green. - Stay-green and nodal root angle has been positively associated with terminal drought tolerance in sorghum. - Stay-green genotypes had a significantly increased root length than senescent genotypes under drought stress. - Stay-green genotypes had an earlier decrease in the transpiration rate than senescent genotypes under drying soil. Exploring genotypic diversity in sorghum breeding lines for water‐saving traits to enhance drought adaptation during the post‐rainy season <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Sivasakthi Kaliamoorthy, Anil Gaddameedi, Tharanya Murugesan, Sunita Gorthy, Boddupalli Sravani, Nagalakshmi Neelam, Jaganathan Jayakumar, Sunita Choudhary, Jana Kholovà, Mahalingham Govindaraj Pages: 2630-2651 | First Published: 09 June 2024 *Core Ideas* - Post-rainy sorghum cultivation in India is vital and aligns with ICRISAT's product profile. - Water conservation traits (e.g., limited transpiration rate [TR]) optimize yield under water deficit by maximizing water capture and use. - We observed significant variation in TR, NTR-FTSW (normalized transpiration ratio-fraction of transpirable soil water) thresholds, and transpiration efficiency (TE), crucial for drought adaptation. - R lines consistently showed better plant growth, higher biomass, and TE, compared to B lines. - Promising sorghum genotypes, with enhanced vigor and improved TE, offer for post-rainy drought adaptation. Genetic variation for grain iron and zinc concentration in the US sorghum [*Sorghum bicolor* (L.) Moench] association panel <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> M. Djanaguiraman, K. Vimala, P. A. Sofi, R. Perumal, P. V. V. Prasad Pages: 2652-2665 | First Published: 04 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - In the sorghum association panel, the durra race had the highest grain P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, and Mn concentrations. - The elite sorghum breeding lines had the highest concentrations of grain Fe and Zn. - Except for Fe and Zn, all the grain nutrients were higher under rainfed than in irrigated conditions. - SC1080 had the highest Fe concentration, whereas RTx437 had the highest Zn concentration. - SC1085 possessed a high grain yield and high Fe, and Macia possessed a high grain yield and high Zn concentration. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Crop Breeding & Genetics Fiber production repeatability and selection of promising fique (*Furcraea* spp.) genotypes <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Laura Espitia-Negrete, Luz Fanny Orozco-Orozco, José Miguel Cotes Torres, Clara Inés Medina-Cano, Nancy Yohana Grisales-Vasquez Pages: 2666-2678 | First Published: 09 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - The genetic potential of the working collection of fique is described. - *Furcraea* has low potential heritability in fiber yield and fiber percentage. - There are promising fique accessions to supply the demand for natural fiber. Open Access On‐farm evaluation of cassava clones using the triadic comparison of technology options approach <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Ann Ritah Nanyonjo, Stephen Angudubo, Paula Iragaba, David Brown, Ephraim Nuwamanya, Williams Esuma, Alfred Ozimati, Enoch Wembabazi, Michael Kanaabi, Nicholas Muhumuza, Irene Bayiyana, Jacob van Etten, Kauê de Sousa, Hale Tufan, Robert Sezi Kawuki Pages: 2679-2697 | First Published: 03 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - We applied the tricot (triadic comparison of technology options) approach to evaluate elite cassava clones on-farm, exploring how the linked data can be used to advance clones for breeding. - We used a rank-aggregation approach to assess the on-farm performance of two different sets of elite cassava clones. - We assessed the effect of sociodemographic and geographic factors on the on-farm agronomic performance of elite cassava clones. - We assessed the performance of elite cassava clones for beneficial agronomic and food quality traits for consideration in advancement and varietal release. Correlations among New Mexico pod‐type green chile (*Capsicum annuum*) fruit morphology characteristics with destemming force <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Israel Joukhadar, Franchesca Ortega, Ciro Velasco-Cruz, Derek Barchenger, Theresa Hill, Allen Van Deynze, Stephanie Walker Pages: 2698-2708 | First Published: 02 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - Destemming force is the amount of force necessary to remove the pedicel and calyx from fruit. - Destemming force has significant positive phenotypic correlations with fruit length, width, and pericarp thickness. - Pericarp thickness and destemming force may be influenced by similar gene effects. Robust and smart: Inference on phenotypic plasticity of *Coffea canephora* reveals adaptation to alternative environments <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Maria Amélia G. Ferrão, Elaine M. Riva-Souza, Camila Azevedo, Paulo S. Volpi, Aymbiré F. A. Fonseca, Romario G. Ferrão, Christopher Montagnon, Luis Felipe V. Ferrão Pages: 2709-2724 | First Published: 09 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - Coffee sustainability is facing critical challenges given the projected climate changes. - Inference on plant plasticity can identify plants more subjected to genotype-by-environment interaction, and therefore mitigate the detrimental effect of rapidly changing climate. - Analyses of *Coffea canephora* phenotypic plasticity highlighted genotypes with broad and specific adaptation to certain environmental conditions. - Results shed new light on the use of *C. canephora* as an alternative for climate-smart coffee cultivars. Factor analysis applied to simultaneous selection for resistance to anthracnose and angular leaf spot <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Jussara Mencalha, Mariana Andrade Dias, Elaine Aparecida de Souza, Vinícius Quintão Carneiro, Pedro Crescêncio Souza Carneiro, José Eustáquio de Souza Carneiro Pages: 2725-2735 | First Published: 14 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - Tools for selecting resistant lines are crucial for the success in breeding programs aiming resistance. - Factor analysis proved to be an alternative for accurate selection of resistant cultivars. - Six cultivars were selected by factor analysis as resistant to anthracnose and angular leaf spot. Gene pyramiding for achieving enhanced disease and insect multiple resistance in *Coffea arabica* <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Francielle de Matos Feitosa, Iara Gonçalves dos Santos, Antonio Alves Pereira, Antonio Carlos Baião de Oliveira, Eveline Teixeira Caixeta Pages: 2736-2747 | First Published: 09 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - The Ck-1 gene that confers resistance to coffee berry disease is present in 68% of the individuals of the F2 population. - Most of the F2 individuals have rust-resistance genes. - The 38 top-ranked individuals presented multiple resistance loci. Open Access Modeling the impact of resource allocation decisions on genomic prediction using maize multi‐environment data <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Dylan L. Schoemaker, Dayane Cristina Lima, Natalia de Leon, Shawn M. Kaeppler Pages: 2748-2767 | First Published: 23 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - Plant breeding programs using genomic selection strive to maximize genetic gain per plot unit of training data. - The distribution of resources within a hybrid breeding program significantly impacts genomic prediction accuracy. - Accurate genomic prediction models can be produced using data from five or fewer locations. - Training data from environments with the greatest heritability led to the highest genomic prediction accuracy. - Plant breeding programs with limited budgets can build prediction models using resource-efficient training sets. Open Access Genetic gain of Dekalb brand maize hybrids released during the first two decades of this century in the United States 95–115 relative maturity markets <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Sofía P. Brandariz, David V. Butruille Pages: 2768-2776 | First Published: 16 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - First era study including nearly all hybrids from Bayer Dekalb brand (95- to 115-day maturities) from 2000 to 2020. - Genetic gain was positive and significant for yield for the 269 hybrids and across the five relative maturity groups. - Genetic gain was negative (desirable) and significant for plant height across the relative maturities. - No significant changes were found for moisture and test weight. - Genetic gain estimates were consistent with predictions using the company's genomic estimated breeding values. Open Access Inheritance of seed, flower, and anther colors and their linkage in diverse flax (*Linum usitatissimum* L.) genotypes <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Ahasanul Hoque, T. M. Shaikh, Mukhlesur Rahman Pages: 2777-2788 | First Published: 25 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - This research examined the number of genes controlling seed color, flower color, and anther color in oilseed flax, as well as their genetic interactions. - To reach conclusions, 16 crosses were made among different parents. - This research will facilitate indirect selection and help in developing markers for marker-assisted selection in flax breeding program. Proposal of a super trait for increased grain yield, popping expansion, and ear rot resistance in popcorn <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Rafael Nunes de Almeida, Marcelo Vivas, Yure Pequeno de Souza, Júlio Cesar Gradice Saluci, Luana Cruz Vasconcelos, Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior Pages: 2789-2800 | First Published: 25 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - Ear rot reduces the popping expansion in popcorn. - The popping volume without *Fusarium* enabled simultaneous gains in yield, popping expansion, and reduction of ear rot in all environments. - Higher selection intensities hinder the achievement of simultaneous gains in several environments. Open Access Andean common bean bulk breeding lines selected on multiple continents exhibit broad genetic diversity and stress adaptation <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Rie Sadohara, Karen Cichy, Deidre Fourie, Susan Nchimbi Msolla, Qijian Song, Phil Miklas, Tim Porch Pages: 2801-2822 | First Published: 25 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - Phaseolus Improvement Cooperative (PIC) populations were developed from Andean bean bulk breeding populations. - PIC populations were selected in Tanzania, South Africa, Puerto Rico, and Washington to reflect local preferences. - Several Andean Diversity Panel accessions were frequently represented as parents in pedigrees of superior lines. - Bulk breeding populations serve as an efficient resource for improvement of stress tolerance and productivity. Open Access Genetic mapping and QTL analysis of multigenic resistance to powdery mildew (*Podosphaera macularis*) in hop (*Humulus lupulus* L.) <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> John A. Henning, Michele S. Wiseman, David H. Gent, Lillian K. Padgitt-Cobb, Reginald Appiah-Kubi, David A. Hendrix Pages: 2823-2839 | First Published: 31 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - Unique resistance to powdery mildew in hops is linked to a 5-Mb region on chromosome 6. - Clusters of *R*-genes may result in durable resistance to powdery mildew. - Sulfur-rich proteins typically associated with insect resistance may play roles in plant resistance too. Genomics, Molecular Genetics & Biotechnology Transcriptome analysis of the molecular basis of 11‐eicosenoic acid‐mediated salt stress tolerance in rice <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Shiqing Dong, Juan He, Yuming Luo, Xiaokang Han Pages: 2840-2853 | First Published: 22 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - The exogenous application of 11-eicosenoic acid could enhance salt tolerance in rice. - Phytohormones and fatty acid-related genes were implicated in the mitigation effect of EA on salt stress in rice. - The exogenous 11-eicosenoic acid induced the biosynthesis of multiple diterpenoids. The draft genome of *Piper longum* L. <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Deepu Mathew, Ravisankar Valsalan Pages: 2854-2862 | First Published: 28 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - Draft genome of long pepper (*Piper longum*) was sequenced on Illumina platform at 150x coverage. - A genome of 447.7 Mb was assembled, accommodating 54,419 gene models. - Piperine biosynthesis-related pathways were revealed through functional annotation of the genome. - Phylogenetic analysis revealed the relation of long pepper with other members of Piperaceae. - *Piperine synthase* and *Piperamide synthase* genes had comparable expression in leaves and spikes. Crop Physiology & Metabolism Modulating soybean yield responses to climate warming: The role of *E3* and *E4* loci in growth period adaptation <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Etsushi Kumagai, Satoshi Nakano, Naoki Matsuo, Tetsuya Yamada Pages: 2863-2876 | First Published: 29 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - We tested the benefits of day length–sensitive *E3* and *E4* loci in adapting to warming. - A Japanese leading cultivar, Enrei, and its near-isogenic lines were grown under three temperature regimes. - Warming increased seed yield per plant and pod number per plant in genotypes with *E3* or *E4*. - The increased pod number per plant was due to the extended R1–R3 period. - The R1–R3 period was extended because of long days rather than supra-optimal temperatures. Crop Ecology, Management & Quality Winter wheat response to plant density in yield contest fields <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Romulo P. Lollato, Luiz O. Pradella, Nicolas Giordano, Luke P. Ryan, Jorge R. Soler, Luana M. Simão, Brent R. Jaenisch, Rick Horton Pages: 2877-2893 | First Published: 16 July 2024 *Core Ideas* - Winter wheat response to plant density depends on resource availability. - Under high resource (fertility and moisture), winter wheat response to density relied on fall temperature. - Note that 68–91 plants m−2 reached 95% maximum yield in four out of five seasons under optimum sowing time. - Note that 312 plants m−2 reached 95% maximum yield in one out of five seasons with late sowing. - Current seeding rate recommendations could be lowered for intensively managed fields. Comparison of population photosynthesis characteristics and grain yield of wheat under various sowing dates and seeding rates <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> Ying Liu, Wei Cai, Kuanyu Zhu, Yunji Xu, Weilu Wang, Hao Zhang, Junfei Gu, Zhiqin Wang, Lijun Liu, Jianhua Zhang, Weiyang Zhang, Jianchang Yang Pages: 2894-2907 | First Published: 05 August 2024 *Core Ideas* - Increasing seeding rate can offset reduced grain yield caused by delayed sowing in wheat. - Increasing seeding rate increases biomass under delayed sowing in wheat. - Increasing seeding rate optimizes population photosynthesis under delayed sowing in wheat. You are receiving this content alert because you are subscribed to Crop Science as dbrenner(a)iastate.edu. If you no longer wish to receive these alerts you can unsubscribe here <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…>. You can manage all of your Wiley Online Library content alerts at https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com <http://el.wiley.com/ls/click?upn=u001.3YBR4Hwqxb0xKz1YXTwZEBCJBY6I4vQV582GV…> . This electronic message contains information generated by the USDA solely for the intended recipients. Any unauthorized interception of this message or the use or disclosure of the information it contains may violate the law and subject the violator to civil or criminal penalties. If you believe you have received this message in error, please notify the sender and delete the email immediately.

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Texas millet? (Urochloa / Brachiaria texana)
by Don Osborn 29 Sep '24

29 Sep '24

The name might seem to indicate otherwise, but Texas millet aka Texas signalgrass or Texas panicum (Urochloa texana or Brachiaria texana) seems to be mainly treated as a weed, and a highly competitive one with deep roots. I'll mention it here as it is in the same genus as our co-millets of the month in September, browntop and Guinea millets. Also, one webpage "Texas Millet (Urochloa Texana) Growing and Care Guide" https://agric4profits.com/texas-millet-urochloa-texana-growing-care-guide/ gives the impression that it is grown for a crop, perhaps for. forage. Another webpage, at the Alabama Plant Atlas http://atlas.uwa.edu/Plant.aspx?id=5092 , indicates that it is sometimes planted along roadsides for erosion control, or for wildlife. However, I found no indications of its being a source for food for people or even as a forage crop. Again, as noted above, it is generally treated as a weed. * Flora of the Southeastern United States https://fsus.ncbg.unc.edu/main.php?pg=show-taxon.php&plantname=urochloa+tex… * GROW (Getting Rid of Weeds) https://growiwm.org/weeds/texas-panicum/ * Invasive.org https://www.invasive.org/browse/subinfo.cfm?sub=6578 (apparently only Delaware has declared it to be a noxious weed) * Mississippi Crop Situation https://www.mississippi-crops.com/2012/09/06/weed-of-the-week-texas-millet/ If there's more to it than that, of course, please let us know. Don Osborn, PhD (East Lansing, MI, US) North American Millets Alliance - co-founder

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Proso millet in the inland Pacific NW - new research & need for more
by Don Osborn 29 Sep '24

29 Sep '24

Here is a recent technical article on the potential for proso millet in the inland Pacific Northwest, which begins with a general observation worthy of broader consideration: US cultivars for this millet "have been developed for the Great Plains and little research has been conducted outside of this region." Tayler Reinman, Jessica Braden, Nathan Daniel Miller, and Kevin M. Murphy, "Mineral, seed morphology, and agronomic characteristics of proso millet grown in the inland Pacific Northwest," Frontiers in Nutrition, Vol. 11, Sep. 2024 https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1… The article explores factors to consider in performance of existing proso varieties in the inland PNW, and development of new varieties. One of those is mineral concentration in the grains, which "has been historically overlooked by plant breeders." The amount of resources that go into research on proso millet - or any of the millets - is relatively small compared to the major cereals. Using these limited resources to focus on needs and potential in the main proso growing region of the Great Plains has obvious value. However, underinvestment in breeding cultivars optimal for agroecologies of other regions, such as the inland PNW, also has a cost. The topic of proso (and other millets) in the inland PNW is not new. On this list, there was a thread about it in January 2023 entitled "Millets in the Pacific NW!" https://lists.millets2023.space/pipermail/collab/2023-January/000118.html Don Osborn, PhD (East Lansing, MI, US) North American Millets Alliance - co-founder

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McDonald's & millets in India
by Don Osborn 29 Sep '24

29 Sep '24

McDonald's in west and south India, which is operated by Westlife Foodworld Limited, recently introduced a multi-millet bun in its 403 outlets./1 The multi-millet bun includes 22% millets in total, including these five - pearl millet, finger millet, sorghum, proso millet, and kodo millet - sourced from about 5000 farmers. The bun was developed in collaboration with India's Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) − Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI)./2 A promotional video for the multi-millet bun features Sanjeev Kapoor, a celebrity chef and TV personality in India, known for promoting millets./3: McDonald's is familiar to most of us as a US-based multinational fast-food corporation. Its national affiliates around the world often introduce local ingredients to appeal to their respective markets. There are two McDonald's operations in India, with the other focusing on the east and north of the country. While this bun a positive development for use of millets, effort has been characterized by Nutrition Advocacy in Public Interest–India (NAPi) as a kind of "greenwashing" of fast-food and ultra processed foods./4 In any event, it will be interesting to see if other food companies (or other branches of McDonald's?) will follow suit to make prominent use of millets in their products. Don Osborn, PhD (East Lansing, MI, US) North American Millets Alliance - co-founder Notes: 1. "McDonald's India to offer burgers with multi-millet bun co-created with CSIR-CFTRI," The Times of India, 4 Sep. 2024 https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/mcdonalds-india… 2. "McDonald's India Unveils Multi-Millet Bun Burgers in Collaboration with CSIR-CFTRI Mysuru," Millets News, (n.d.) https://millets.news/updates/McDonalds-India-Unveils-Multi-Millet-Bun-Burge… 3. "McDonald’s New Multi-Millet Bun ft. ‪@SanjeevKapoor‬," YouTube (McDonald's India channel), 4 Sep. 2024 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MuuZ6Vt8D_Y 4. "Why is NAPi accusing McDonald’s of greenwashing, condemning CSIR-CFTRI collaboration?" by Sumit Jha, South First, 8 Sep. 2024 https://thesouthfirst.com/health/why-is-napi-accusing-mcdonalds-of-greenwas…

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Re: [Collab] Collab Digest, Vol 32, Issue 15
by Gary Wietgrefe 28 Sep '24

28 Sep '24

Forgiving lack of agronomic knowledge, New York Times exposed various millets (or near millets) providing the public with at least some knowledge that there is more than one millet. That is favorable press (and another contact for our eventual millet new releases). Heavy African tilt should be expected considering the native Ethiopian being interviewed. Many African and Asian-American uses of millet can add to the North American millet story.....Gary On Fri, Sep 27, 2024 at 6:02 AM <collab-request(a)lists.millets2023.space> wrote: > Send Collab mailing list submissions to > collab(a)lists.millets2023.space > > To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit > https://lists.millets2023.space/mailman/listinfo/collab > or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to > collab-request(a)lists.millets2023.space > > You can reach the person managing the list at > collab-owner(a)lists.millets2023.space > > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific > than "Re: Contents of Collab digest..." > > > Today's Topics: > > 1. NYTimes essay mentioning fonio, pearl millet, & teff (Don Osborn) > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Message: 1 > Date: Fri, 27 Sep 2024 00:58:11 -0400 > From: Don Osborn <don(a)milletsalliance.org> > To: collab(a)lists.millets2023.space > Subject: [Collab] NYTimes essay mentioning fonio, pearl millet, & teff > Message-ID: > <CA+RHibUcnAzY6=rCO6s+Ae-WuM=3KmjeiBd1rOMNaj= > kPqGpPg(a)mail.gmail.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" > > The New York Times on Wednesday (25 Sept. 2024) featured a guest essay by > Marcus Samuelsson entitled "I?m a Chef. This Grain Should Be the Next > Quinoa," in which three millets of Afrian origin were mentioned: fonio, > pearl millet, and teff. (Thanks to David Brenner for sharing.) > > > https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/25/opinion/millet-teff-fonio-quinoa.html?un… > > Chef Marcus Samuelsson is an Ethiopian-Swedish-American chef who owns the > restaurants Hav & Mar and Metropolis in New York City, among others. In his > essay he makes the case for more attention to African foods, and gives > personal examples. > > A couple of minor issues: First, I'm not sure pearl millet likes > waterlogged soils. (Sorghum, in my understanding, does better in heavier > soils and/or with temporary watlogging.) Second, regarding imports of teff > to the US, some does come from Ethiopia, but my impression is that more > comes from farms in the US. (Need some figures on that.) > > Pearl millet, of course, is already imported from India, but I'm not aware > of any in the US from Africa. > > The comparison with quinoa is not new, but the article approaches it in a > fresh way, and introduces us to another voice in support of millets > > For more about Chef Marcus, see > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Samuelsson > > > Don Osborn, PhD > (East Lansing, MI, US) > North American Millets Alliance - co-founder >

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Connections betw. Digitaria & Brachiaria (Urochloa), plus shade tolerance
by Don Osborn 28 Sep '24

28 Sep '24

Two species in the genus Brachiaria or Urochloa share the spotlight as "millet of the month" in September again this year: browntop or brown top millet (B. ramosa), grown for food in India, and for wildlife in the southeast US, and Guinea millet (B. deflexa), cultivated in northern Futa Jalon, Guinea, where it is locally considered a kind of fonio. The latter is an ethnobotanical connection, if you will, between a Digitaria (D. exilis), that is formally and more widely known as "fonio," and this particular Brachiaria (B, deflexa), that is called wild fonio in the main language of Futa Jalon, Pular (literally "fonio of the animals" - some West African languages use such references to designate plants that resemble the main useful plants that are cultivated or managed). I'm not aware of any ethnobotanical connection between browntop and any Digitaria, I was interested to see mention of revival of browntop millet cultivation in Karnataka, India in a discussion of potential revival of cultivation of sikiya millet (D. sanguinalis) in another part of the country. (The article also mentions in passing, raishan, D. compacta): "Can Baiga millet be part of mainstream?" by Deepanwita Gita Niyogi, Down to Earth, 13 Jun 2018 https://www.downtoearth.org.in/food/can-baiga-millet-be-part-of-mainstream-… In looking for more information on this revival of browntop, I found a good discussion at: "Return of the forgotten crop – Brown top millet," by Anitha Reddy and Krishna Prasad G., Leisa India, (n.d.) https://www.leisaindia.org/return-of-the-forgotten-crop-brown-top-millet/ Apparently farmers returned to cultivating this millet when drought impacted the availability of water for irrigating cereal crops. The article mentions that while it is easy to plant browntop, the processing of its very small grains with their hard hulls presents a bottleneck - even machines used to process slightly larger small (or minor) millets are not ideal. This calls to mind the challenges facing processing of fonio, which are being successfully addressed. Browntop can grow in places that might get flooding - this I think is pretty well known - but a new thing I learned from the latter article is that it is apparently shade tolerant. Is browntop millet the only shade-tolerant of the millets? Don Don Osborn, PhD (East Lansing, MI, US) North American Millets Alliance - co-founder

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Apologies for posting in error
by Don Osborn 27 Sep '24

27 Sep '24

Please ignore the previous posting regarding COVID tests - which was the result of an erroneous address (fueled by autocomplete, uncaught in the early morning!). Don Don Osborn, PhD (East Lansing, MI, US) North American Millets Alliance

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FYI: New 4 frree COVID tests
by Don Osborn 27 Sep '24

27 Sep '24

Dear friends, Alláh-u-Abhá! In case you have not heard, the US Government is again offering to mail four (4) free rapid antigen at-home tests for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) per household. https://www.covidtests.gov/ This webpage, which is essentially the same as one used for the same purpose previously, includes information on the tests and a link to "Order Free At-home Tests" (via USPS). In service, Don

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