More on proso millet in late Bronze Age Europe
Here's yet another research item mentioning proso or broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum) in the Bronze Age. First, an article about the research article: "Rare Remains Provide Insights Into Bronze Age Burials, Diet, and Society," by R.J. Mackenzie, Discover, Mar 5, 2026 https://www.discovermagazine.com/rare-remains-provide-insights-into-bronze-a... Through analysis of "ancient DNA molecules, strontium and oxygen isotopes, and information from buried skeletons" from 36 late Bronze Age burial sites in central Germany, the research shed light on ancient dietary patterns. Among those, people began eating broomcorn millet - "a recent arrival from China" - in response to economic or environmental change. This research was in a different area of central Europe than that reported in an article I posted about in January./1 (The photo accompanying the article looks like sorghum and not proso/broomcorn millet.) The research article & its abstract Orfanou, E., Ghalichi, A., Rohrlach, A.B. et al. "Reconstruction of the lifeways of Central European Late Bronze Age communities using ancient DNA, isotope and osteoarchaeological analyses." Nature Communications 17, 1992 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-69895-y /2 Abstract (NB- while this abstract does not mention any millet, the article has numerous references to "millet," contextualized by specification that this is "broomcorn millet" [aka proso]): "The Late Bronze Age (ca. 1300–800 BCE) of Central Europe is often characterised as a period of increasing mobility, socioeconomic transformation, environmental fluctuations, and expanding cultural networks. However, reconstructing the demographic aspects of these changes has been hindered by cremation being the dominant mortuary practice, limiting biomolecular approaches. Here, we integrate ancient DNA, oxygen and strontium isotope analyses, and osteoarchaeology to examine rare inhumation burials from Kuckenburg and Esperstedt in Central Germany (n = 36) and compare them to contemporaneous inhumations from the neighbouring regions of South Germany, Bohemia (Czechia) and Southwest/Central Poland (n = 33). Genome-wide data show genetic continuity with preceding Early Bronze Age populations, alongside gradual increases in Early European Farmer-related ancestry, albeit with regionally different timing and extent, reflecting a nuanced pattern of mobility and admixture. Oxygen and strontium isotope data from Central Germany indicate that most individuals match the local isotope signal, including those who were cremated or had a different diet, and with only a few isotopic outliers, suggesting that mobility was present but not extensive. Overall, our findings suggest that the diverse inhumation practices at Kuckenburg and Esperstedt were culturally motivated, reflecting local traditions and ongoing regional interconnectedness rather than the influx of new genetic groups or non-local individuals." Don Osborn, PhD (East Lansing, MI, US) North American Millets Alliance Notes: 1. "Proso millet improved life in late Bronze Age Europe" (31 Jan 2026) https://lists.millets2023.space/archives/list/collab@lists.millets2023.space... 2. The complete list of authors: Eleftheria Orfanou, Ayshin Ghalichi, Adam B. Rohrlach, Enrico Paust, Aida Andrades Valtueña, Michal Ernée, Mirosław Furmanek, Agata Hałuszko, Taylor Hermes, Marie Himmel, Jana Ilgner, Johannes Krause, Mario Küßner, Thiseas Christos Lamnidis, Mary Lucas, Drahomíra Adámková Malyková, Harald Meller, Gunnar U. Neumann, Luka Papac, Sandra Penske, Maike Salinger, Sarah A. Schrader, Torsten Schunke, Lena Semerau, Lubor Smejtek, Luca Traverso, Barbara Zach, Robert Spengler, Philipp W. Stockhammer, Joachim Wahl, Christophe Snoeck, Peter Ettel, Florian N. Schneider, Patrick Roberts & Wolfgang Haak
participants (1)
-
Don Osborn