As an agronomist, my concern is pearl millet will not mature as it is brought north. I grew small plot samples of pearl millet (Millex 32) in Sioux Falls, SD and it did not mature. I did track sugar levels trends in leaf and stalk which indicates what sugars are available for starch conversion.
At 58 days after planting: no sucrose, no fructose, no glucose, and no maltose detected.
At 102 days after planting: 2.28% sucrose, 3.11% fructose, 1.63% glucose, and no maltose.
At 132 days after planting: 0.362% sucrose, 5.64% fructose, 4.96% glucose, and no maltose.
See my US patent 8,641,910 B2, Table 9, pp. 38-39, (PDF) Systems and processes for producing biofuels from biomass (researchgate.net).
My experience comparing a corn, forage soybean, pearl millet, with seven forage sorghum and sudangrass crosses indicated sucrose will peak at some point as fructose and glucose levels rise as the plant readies itself for starch conversion as seed.

Thousands of acres of pearl millet are planted annually in South Dakota, but always as multi-cut forage (assuming late rains) or grazing. Never for seed.

I believe pearl millet is similar to grain sorghum in that grain varieties available will reach a north latitude at which seed will not fully mature (Kansas? Oklahoma?). In central South Dakota, the most northern grain sorghum (milo) production for the shortest season grain hybrids are confirmed by my 40 years of experience. Most years, Sorghum Partners 251 grain sorghum (an original Funks variety likely developed in the early 1960s) fully matured at 44 degrees N., but seldom if ever matured at 45 degrees N. Likewise, pearl millet will have a maximum north latitude range. As pearl moves west from Mississippi drainage to Central Plains, increased solar radiation will allow maturities to move north by perhaps 200 miles.

On the other hand, I have found no northern limit to proso which is not hybridized but matures based on night-length. That is why in central Alberta proso can be planted around June 1, and harvested the end of September because their total hours of day far exceeds night during the growing season. It is the same reason U. of Nebraska developed proso varieties were the highest yielding varieties in my joint testing with Mongolian State University of Agriculture in tests against varieties coming out of western Russia (Siberia). See (PDF) Ancient Proso Millet and the Twentieth Century Survival of Mongolia (researchgate.net). Foxtail millets will also mature at those same northern latitudes.....Gary Wietgrefe


On Tue, Apr 16, 2024 at 6:01 AM <collab-request@lists.millets2023.space> wrote:
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   1. Re: Collab Digest, Vol 27, Issue 7 (Esther Shekinah)


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Message: 1
Date: Mon, 15 Apr 2024 15:04:36 +0000
From: Esther Shekinah <eshekinah@michaelfields.org>
To: "collab@lists.millets2023.space" <collab@lists.millets2023.space>
Subject: Re: [Collab] Collab Digest, Vol 27, Issue 7
Message-ID:
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Hello,

Getting Pearl Millet seeds is a challenge. I obtained the seeds from ARS Tifton Georgia (Tifton 102 and Tift Long Headed Bulk) for a trial at  our organic research farm in Wisconsin. While the first year (2022) growth was good, cooler temperatures were registered with grain filling period (was planted near the end of June) leading to problems with grain filling. The earheads were also smaller due to closer spacing. In 2023 however, after germination, the weeds took over rapidly as I planted them at 30" rows to be able to use the cultivator we have, even though it wasn't the optimal spacing.

I would be happy to join a working group on Pearl Millet, but the current NAMA call on the first Friday of the month coincides with a standing call I have. 

There's some work on millets going on in Iowa State University as well, but I do not think it is specific to Pearl Millet.

Thanks,
Esther

Esther S Durairaj Ph.D
Program Director (WiWiC)/ Research Agronomist
Michael Fields Agricultural Institute
www.michaelfields.org
Cell: 614-441-2125
?


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Today's Topics:

   1. Re: Seeking Pearl Millet Seed (Dipak Santra)
   2. Re:  SAVE THE DATE ? 18 April 2024 | 10:00-11:30 (CET) OCOP
      Webinar on the Development of Millets in India (Taguchi, Makiko (NSP))


----------------------------------------------------------------------

Message: 1
Date: Sun, 14 Apr 2024 20:41:07 +0000
From: Dipak Santra <dsantra2@unl.edu>
To: Don Osborn <don@milletsalliance.org>,
        "collab@lists.millets2023.space" <collab@lists.millets2023.space>
Cc: Steve DeWitt <wcfarms2010@icloud.com>
Subject: Re: [Collab] Seeking Pearl Millet Seed
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Dr. Ramaswamy Perumal at K-State University, Hays, KS is working to develop pearl millet grain type varieties for human consumption. To the best of my knowledge, this is the only public breeding program doing this.

Thanks

Dipak

Get Outlook for iOS<https://aka.ms/o0ukef> ________________________________
From: Collab <collab-bounces@lists.millets2023.space> on behalf of Don Osborn <don@milletsalliance.org>
Sent: Saturday, April 13, 2024 5:49:20 PM
To: collab@lists.millets2023.space <collab@lists.millets2023.space>
Cc: Steve DeWitt <wcfarms2010@icloud.com>
Subject: Re: [Collab] Seeking Pearl Millet Seed

Caution: Non-NU Email

Thank you, Steve, for the question, and Joni, for the follow up.

Since there are several people on this list with an interest of one sort or another in pearl millet as a grain crop in the US for human consumption, as well as others who are not here, I've been thinking about ways to facilitate communication among people in this group.

A first question, however, is whether there is any existing  group of people of any specialization in North America, concerned with growing grain pearl millet for human food?

If not, would there be interest in an online meeting on grain pearl millet in North America, to include interested researchers, farmers, processors, and culinary experts?

I'm bcc'ing Melanie Harrison of the USDA station in Griffin, Georgia, which deals with pearl millet (among some of the other millets) for her info and possible input regarding (1) seed, and (2) a possible interest group.

DO, EL, MI, US
NAMA


On Fri, Mar 29, 2024 at 12:36?PM Joni Kindwall-Moore <joni@snacktivistfoods.com<mailto:joni@snacktivistfoods.com>> wrote:
Steve, do you know Clint Jessen in WY? He grows it, want me to connect you?



Joni Kindwall-Moore BSN-RN, BA
Founder, Innovator, Mother, Nurse, Activist [https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0940/4372/files/Untitled_design_19_copy.png?v=1677799330]
P: 406-334-1608 www.snacktivistfoods.com<http://www.snacktivistfoods.com/>
Scan this QR code to experience the Snacktivist Nation!
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On Fri, Mar 29, 2024 at 9:22 AM Steve DeWitt via Collab <collab@lists.millets2023.space<mailto:collab@lists.millets2023.space>> wrote:
I have been searching for a source of grain type Pearl Millet seed for planting in Oklahoma this Spring. There are plenty of forage hybrids available, but I?ve had no luck finding a shorter statured grain variety. 10 to 50 pounds is sufficient.
Any referrals or contacts are greatly appreciated.
Steve DeWitt
Willow Creek Farms
wcfarms2010@icloud.com<mailto:wcfarms2010@icloud.com>

Sent from my iPhone


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Message: 2
Date: Mon, 15 Apr 2024 06:34:11 +0000
From: "Taguchi, Makiko (NSP)" <Makiko.Taguchi@fao.org>
To: Don Osborn <don@milletsalliance.org>
Cc: "collab@lists.millets2023.space" <collab@lists.millets2023.space>
Subject: Re: [Collab]  SAVE THE DATE ? 18 April 2024 | 10:00-11:30
        (CET) OCOP Webinar on the Development of Millets in India
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Dear Don and colleagues,

Yes, the event will be recorded for later viewing. Please go ahead and register even if you can?t attend it live. Then, you should be receiving the link to the recording later.

Best
Makiko

From: Don Osborn <don@milletsalliance.org>
Sent: Sunday, April 14, 2024 2:24 AM
To: Taguchi, Makiko (NSP) <Makiko.Taguchi@fao.org>
Cc: collab@lists.millets2023.space
Subject: Re: [Collab] SAVE THE DATE ? 18 April 2024 | 10:00-11:30 (CET) OCOP Webinar on the Development of Millets in India

Thank you, Makiko, This sounds like an interesting and informative program. Yes it is quite early (or late) in this part of the world (starting at 4 am EDT / 1 am PDT).

May I ask if the event will be recorded to allow for later viewing?

All the best,

Don

DO, EL, MI, US
NAMA


On Tue, Apr 9, 2024 at 9:25?AM Taguchi, Makiko (NSP) <Makiko.Taguchi@fao.org<mailto:Makiko.Taguchi@fao.org>> wrote:
Dear all,

FAO is organizing an event in collaboration with India on millets on the 18th. Please join us if you can, although the timing is not conducive to North American time zone.

Best
Makiko

[cid:image001.jpg@01DA8F0F.AFA887F0]


Webinar on the Developments of Millets in India

Thursday, 18 April 2024 | 10.00-11.30 CET, 14:30-16:00 (Indian Time)



Register now<https://www.fao.org/one-country-one-priority-product/news-and-events/events/events-detail/WebinarMilletsindia/en>



Join us for this insightful webinar on the developments of millets in India organized in collaboration with the government of India and various stakeholders, as part of the FAO One Country One Priority Product (OCOP) webinar series,. The focus of this episode is on millets ? the Special Agricultural Products (SAP) of India.



This webinar aims to provide a platform for sharing knowledge, experiences, and lessons learned in the sustainable production, processing, and marketing of millets in India. It serves as an opportunity to inform and inspire other countries interested in promoting millets or other SAPs through the OCOP initiative.



FAO launched the OCOP initiative in September 2021 to support countries in developing sustainable value chains for selected SAPs, which are unique products with special characteristics tied to their geography and culture. The initiative helps countries to identify products that fit their specific production systems and unlock potential of their special products getting access to new markets regionally and globally. Since its inception, over 85 countries from all five FAO regions have expressed strong interest in the sustainable promotion of more than 54 products.



 Agenda

Time (CET)

Item and presenter

10.00 ? 10.10

Opening remarks by

  *   Mr Jingyuan Xia, Executive Secretary of the OCOP Secretariat, Special Advisor to the Director-General, FAO
  *   Mr Takayuki Hagiwara, FAO Representative, FAO Country Office, India

10.10 ? 10.15

Global Implementation of OCOP: Progress and Perspectives by Mr Hafiz Muminjanov, Technical Adviser, NSP, FAO

10.15 ? 10.20

Overview of OCOP activities in Asia and the Pacific Region by Ms Xuan Li, Senior Policy Officer, Regional Office in Asia and the Pacific, FAO

10.20 ? 10.25

Reflections on the International Year of Millets by Ms Makiko Taguchi, Agricultural Officer, FAO

10.25 ? 10.35

Overview of Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Millets Research and achievements by Mrs C Tara Satyavathi, Director, ICAR-IIMR

10.35 ? 10.45

Overview of millet processing and the story of technology business incubation by Mr B Dayakar Rao, CEO Nutrihub & Principal Scientist, ICAR-IIMR

10.45 ? 10.55

Celebration of International Year of millets in India by Mrs Shubha Thakur, Additional-Secretary, DAFW

10.55 ? 11.05

Millets in One District One Product: India?s story of millet promotion by Mr Minhaj Alam, IAS, Addl Secretary, MoFPI

11.05 ? 11.15

Bowl of Growth program by Mr Mijanur Rahman, R&D Senior Director, PepsiCo India Holdings Pvt. Ltd.

11.15 ? 11.25

General discussion

11.25 ? 11.30

Closing remarks by Mr TR Sharma, Deputy Director-General, Crop Sciences, ICAR

Moderator: Mr Hafiz Muminjanov, Global Coordinator of the OCOP Initiative, and Technical Advisor, Plant Production and Protection Division (NSP), FAO.

Read more about the webinar HERE<https://www.fao.org/one-country-one-priority-product/news-and-events/events/events-detail/WebinarMilletsindia/en>.



For more information, please contact: OCOP@fao.org<mailto:OCOP@fao.org>



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--
Author, Gary W. Wietgrefe,
https://www.RelatingtoAncients.com/
Destination North Pole--5,000 km by bicycle is an exciting, endearing, humorous, dangerous and sometimes quirky travel adventure. Hardcover, paperback and e-books are available on Amazon or other on-line retailers. My other books tie education, school system, parenting, technology, and business with 21st century culture and learning.