On Feb 24, 2023, at 2:05 PM, Di Salvo, Juan I [AGRON] via Collab <collab@lists.millets2023.space> wrote:I think it’s 300 MT and now 5.4MT. Beginning of 80’s more and more land adopted No till System, Soybean production and Roundup Ready herbicide.El feb. 24, 2023, a la(s) 3:47 p.m., collab-request@lists.millets2023.space escribió:
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Today's Topics:
1. Re: Collab Digest, Vol 13, Issue 7 (Old Andean Billing)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2023 13:47:33 -0800
From: Old Andean Billing <sergio@oldandean.com>
To: "Di Salvo, Juan I [AGRON]" <disalvoj@iastate.edu>
Cc: "collab@lists.millets2023.space" <collab@lists.millets2023.space>
Subject: Re: [Collab] Collab Digest, Vol 13, Issue 7
Message-ID: <A89F2017-4AF4-4C90-A288-9E6A0E868078@oldandean.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
Wow, am I reading the graph right: It was 300,000 million tons in 1979 and now it?s 5,442 million tons? That is such a strong decline. What happened- did it get replaced by another crop?
Thanks for any insight on this interesting graph
??Sergio Nunez de Arco
Old ???Andean, Inc. | Formerly known as Andean Naturals, Inc.
650-303-1780On Feb 24, 2023, at 1:36 PM, Di Salvo, Juan I [AGRON] via Collab <collab@lists.millets2023.space> wrote:-------------- next part --------------
Hi All,
After reading Gary Wietgrefe?s about millet production in Argentina,
I was surprised because it?s my home country but did not know that there used to be a production site.
So I accessed to the database of the Agriculture ministery and extracted the information to do the figure below.
<image003.png>
https://datos.magyp.gob.ar/dataset/60a9e1ed-071e-4a65-80a7-b1dc63827ab4/archivo/121041ab-2dca-4087-bead-07fa149ad180 <https://datos.magyp.gob.ar/dataset/60a9e1ed-071e-4a65-80a7-b1dc63827ab4/archivo/121041ab-2dca-4087-bead-07fa149ad180>
Best regards,
Juan Di Salvo Plant Breeding Graduate Student
1210 Agronomy
716 Farm House Ln
P +1 612 368-2915
-----Original Message-----
From: Collab <collab-bounces@lists.millets2023.space <mailto:collab-bounces@lists.millets2023.space>> On Behalf Of collab-request@lists.millets2023.space <mailto:collab-request@lists.millets2023.space>
Sent: Thursday, February 23, 2023 10:32 PM
To: collab@lists.millets2023.space <mailto:collab@lists.millets2023.space>
Subject: Collab Digest, Vol 13, Issue 7
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Today's Topics:
1. "Millets and Their Role in Early Agriculture" (plus early
dissemination) (Don Osborn)
2. Re: "Millets and Their Role in Early Agriculture" (plus early
dissemination) (Don Osborn)
3. Re: Collab Digest, Vol 13, Issue 6 (Gary Wietgrefe)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Thu, 23 Feb 2023 13:57:04 -0500
From: Don Osborn <don@milletsalliance.org <mailto:don@milletsalliance.org>>
To: collab@lists.millets2023.space <mailto:collab@lists.millets2023.space>
Subject: [Collab] "Millets and Their Role in Early Agriculture" (plus
early dissemination)
Message-ID:
<CA+RHibX4N-4tEZaceucsd==xWsksSeobz_3CP2UgXN4AkK3j8Q@mail.gmail.com <mailto:CA+RHibX4N-4tEZaceucsd==xWsksSeobz_3CP2UgXN4AkK3j8Q@mail.gmail.com>>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
Further to the theme of the February Millets Webinar - millets as "ancient grains," and how they were a lot more important in much of the world's early agriculture than was once thought - here's a paper by two noted archaeobotanists:
Steven A. Weber and Dorian Q. Fuller, "Millets and Their Role in Early Agriculture," Pragdhara, No. 18, 2007. (Two links, /1 /2)
This article surveys orins of millets, with mention of then current research questions, There is also discussion of how millets - being smaller than major cereal grains - did not emerge in early analysis of archaeological digs, and how a later technique involving floating, revealed the presence of many small grains identified (to the extent possible) as millets. There are tables, illustrations, and a map, situating the ancient origins of various millets across the globe. (That map is *not* the one
attached.)
And here's another of possible interest, that treats all domesticated crops in the grass family, including millets. It also includes a map of origins of these plants, altho using common names - 18 of 28 are millets.
Gl?min, Sylvain, and Thomas Bataillon. (2009) "A comparative view of the evolution of grasses under domestication." New Phytologist 183: 273?290 (Also two links, /3 /4)
Finally, a quick note on dissemination. The distribution of cultivation of many millets remained up until relatively recently limited to the immediate regions in which they were domesticated. However, a few, including notably the "big 5" - sorghum, pearl millet, foxtail millet, proso millet, and finger millet - were disseminated very early in prehistory, and relatively
quickly: Foxtail and proso west and south across Eurasia, and sorghum, pearl, and finger, south in Africa and east to south & southeast Asia. The Indian subcontinent has since been a kind of "crossroads" of millets - its own domesticates, plus the big 5 as I'm calling them.
Please let us know if you have other sources to recommend.
Don
Don Osborn, PhD
(East Lansing, MI, US)
North American Millets Alliance
don@milletsalliance.org <mailto:don@milletsalliance.org>
Notes:
1.
https://www.academia.edu/322764/Millets_and_Their_Role_In_Early_Agriculture <https://www.academia.edu/322764/Millets_and_Their_Role_In_Early_Agriculture>
2.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234128682_Millets_and_their_role_in_early_agriculture <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234128682_Millets_and_their_role_in_early_agriculture>
3.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234128682_Millets_and_their_role_in_early_agriculture <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234128682_Millets_and_their_role_in_early_agriculture>
4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02884.x <https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02884.x>
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Message: 2
Date: Thu, 23 Feb 2023 14:11:12 -0500
From: Don Osborn <don@milletsalliance.org <mailto:don@milletsalliance.org>>
To: collab@lists.millets2023.space <mailto:collab@lists.millets2023.space>
Subject: Re: [Collab] "Millets and Their Role in Early Agriculture"
(plus early dissemination)
Message-ID:
<CA+RHibVMVp+v8=oxzzcYqy7JcVA2b4-EF0QpaAhRLTCahg3xGw@mail.gmail.com <mailto:CA+RHibVMVp+v8=oxzzcYqy7JcVA2b4-EF0QpaAhRLTCahg3xGw@mail.gmail.com>>
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Two errors - from editing in a hurry (never be in too much of a hurry, the saying goes):
I did not attach a map, and neglected to delete reference to same. I do have a PPT presentation on mapping the origins of millets that I hope to make available later. PPT is useful, I find, for combining images with short descriptions in a sequenced format.
For note #3, use https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02666409 <https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02666409> (which has an outlink).
The ResearchGate page for the second article requires request of the paper to view:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26281428_A_comparative_view_of_the_evolution_of_grasses_under_domestication_Tansley_review <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26281428_A_comparative_view_of_the_evolution_of_grasses_under_domestication_Tansley_review>
DO, EL, MI, US
NAMAOn Thu, Feb 23, 2023 at 1:57 PM Don Osborn <don@milletsalliance.org <mailto:don@milletsalliance.org>> wrote:-------------- next part --------------
Further to the theme of the February Millets Webinar - millets as
"ancient grains," and how they were a lot more important in much of
the world's early agriculture than was once thought - here's a paper
by two noted archaeobotanists:
Steven A. Weber and Dorian Q. Fuller, "Millets and Their Role in Early
Agriculture," Pragdhara, No. 18, 2007. (Two links, /1 /2)
This article surveys orins of millets, with mention of then current
research questions, There is also discussion of how millets - being
smaller than major cereal grains - did not emerge in early analysis of
archaeological digs, and how a later technique involving floating,
revealed the presence of many small grains identified (to the extent
possible) as millets. There are tables, illustrations, and a map,
situating the ancient origins of various millets across the globe.
(That map is *not* the one
attached.)
And here's another of possible interest, that treats all domesticated
crops in the grass family, including millets. It also includes a map
of origins of these plants, altho using common names - 18 of 28 are millets.
Gl?min, Sylvain, and Thomas Bataillon. (2009) "A comparative view of
the evolution of grasses under domestication." New Phytologist 183:
273?290 (Also two links, /3 /4)
Finally, a quick note on dissemination. The distribution of
cultivation of many millets remained up until relatively recently
limited to the immediate regions in which they were domesticated.
However, a few, including notably the "big 5" - sorghum, pearl millet,
foxtail millet, proso millet, and finger millet - were disseminated
very early in prehistory, and relatively
quickly: Foxtail and proso west and south across Eurasia, and sorghum,
pearl, and finger, south in Africa and east to south & southeast Asia.
The Indian subcontinent has since been a kind of "crossroads" of
millets - its own domesticates, plus the big 5 as I'm calling them.
Please let us know if you have other sources to recommend.
Don
Don Osborn, PhD
(East Lansing, MI, US)
North American Millets Alliance
don@milletsalliance.org <mailto:don@milletsalliance.org>
Notes:
1.
https://www.academia.edu/322764/Millets_and_Their_Role_In_Early_Agricu <https://www.academia.edu/322764/Millets_and_Their_Role_In_Early_Agricu>
lture
2.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234128682_Millets_and_their_r <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234128682_Millets_and_their_r>
ole_in_early_agriculture
3.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234128682_Millets_and_their_r <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234128682_Millets_and_their_r>
ole_in_early_agriculture 4.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02884.x <https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02884.x>
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------------------------------
Message: 3
Date: Thu, 23 Feb 2023 21:31:52 -0700
From: Gary Wietgrefe <gww374@gmail.com <mailto:gww374@gmail.com>>
To: collab@lists.millets2023.space <mailto:collab@lists.millets2023.space>
Subject: Re: [Collab] Collab Digest, Vol 13, Issue 6
Message-ID:
<CAMrBKxaYN3AkFrfHUo0npz7XJPv=6xmYddWHYyaL-WLtpYeYBA@mail.gmail.com <mailto:CAMrBKxaYN3AkFrfHUo0npz7XJPv=6xmYddWHYyaL-WLtpYeYBA@mail.gmail.com>>
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You wondered if Argentina was back into the export market. NO. They produce and export an insignificant portion of the world's millet since 1980. That was absolutely my concern in the late 1970s for U.S. proso, because once a country loses its internal seed suppliers, farmers, and marketing system, it is extremely difficult to reestablish production.
When farmers told me in late fall of 1978 that they could not get any price, $0.00, for their white proso, I knew the U.S. was on the verge of losing proso as an alternative crop. Therefore, my best alternative was to replace Argentina's dull colored "Yellow Plata" with U.S. white proso in the export market at Argentine prices. After a couple years, there was no incentive for Argentine farmers to plant their proso. Their market died.
How? See Table 35 page 76 (below) of my book Proso Millet: A Trade Summary.
1979 Showed record percentage as exports which were accumulated from 1977, 1978, and 1979 production. Since a white proso export market was established in 1979, exporters and foreign importers created demand allowing U.S. farmers to produce for what became an established market.
[image: image.png]
See figure 15 page 79 which explains that farmers, nor buyers, knew that U.S. excess millet supplies had been lowered significantly. As a result, farmers planted little proso in 1980. When buyers for exporters in the fall of 1980 realized they could not fill contracts, the price shot up. That had to happen in order to perpetuate production thereafter. (Remember, it was the fall of 1983, as a grain terminal market manager,that I accumulated and exported the first and only unit train of U.S. proso.)
My drive to develop proso millet market links, did so much damage to Argentine production that growers and exporters lost incentive. Their market died. The same thing can happen in any country on any crop!
Here is publicly available information from Millet Production in Argentina
- Markets, Suppliers and Exporters (selinawamucii.com <http://selinawamucii.com/>) <https://www.selinawamucii.com/insights/market/argentina/millet/ <https://www.selinawamucii.com/insights/market/argentina/millet/>>.
[image: image.png]
I am happy that you and others in NAMA are realizing the importance of millets as a U.S. crop rotation alternative.....Gary
On Thu, Feb 23, 2023 at 5:00 AM <collab-request@lists.millets2023.space <mailto:collab-request@lists.millets2023.space>>
wrote:Send Collab mailing list submissions to
collab@lists.millets2023.space <mailto:collab@lists.millets2023.space>
To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
https://lists.millets2023.space/mailman/listinfo/collab <https://lists.millets2023.space/mailman/listinfo/collab>
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collab-request@lists.millets2023.space <mailto:collab-request@lists.millets2023.space>
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When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
than "Re: Contents of Collab digest..."
Today's Topics:
1. Re: Gary Wietgrefe on Proso Millet (Don Osborn)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2023 19:43:52 -0500
From: Don Osborn <don@milletsalliance.org <mailto:don@milletsalliance.org>>
To: Gary Wietgrefe <gww374@gmail.com <mailto:gww374@gmail.com>>
Cc: collab@lists.millets2023.space <mailto:collab@lists.millets2023.space>
Subject: Re: [Collab] Gary Wietgrefe on Proso Millet
Message-ID:
<
CA+RHibW+WNNOqVcccVaNTq_NFZVtH0VCjdU-3zB3+civx0XePA@mail.gmail.com <mailto:CA+RHibW+WNNOqVcccVaNTq_NFZVtH0VCjdU-3zB3+civx0XePA@mail.gmail.com>>
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Thank you, Gary. I appreciate your telling us more of your experience
with millets. Some interesting details there (I wonder if Argentina
has gotten back into the millets exporting market?).
I'll be posting separately a request from the FAO for millets stories,
and imagine that they would be interested in what you have to say.
In the meantime, I'd encourage other subscribers (we are almost 50
now) to share something about their interest in and work with millets
- as well as questions you may have about these grains or any aspect
of their cultivation and use.
Best to you and all,
Don
DO, EL, MI, US
NAMAOn Sat, Feb 11, 2023 at 2:12 PM Gary Wietgrefe <gww374@gmail.com <mailto:gww374@gmail.com>> wrote:Thank you for investigating my earlier millet work. No, I have notupdatedeither Proso Millet: A Trade Summary nor Proso Millet: A Farmer's Guide.year
Let me give you a brief background. We grew millet on our farm (near
Ipswich, Edmunds Co., SD) which was mainly planted in slough areas
that were too wet to plant to small grains and corn in spring.
Foxtail millets we usually cut for hay. Fast forward. In 1978 I was hired by the SD Dept.
of Agriculture in a new "Marketing Division" established earlier
thatby the SD Legislature. The six of us received calls, telexes, andOne
letters from all over, especially farmers struggling with low commodity prices.day our boss, Marketing Director Dale Gullickson, received a callknow
from a farmer who could not get anybody to pay him anything for his
proso millet grain. $0.00. Our boss hollers back to our offices and
asks, "Anybodyanything about millet?" I said, "We grew it occasionally on our farm."Mr.Gullickson responded, "You're the millet guy." For the next fourto
years I handled all millet inquiries. Better yet, having access to
our Department library, and the USDA, and US Commerce data, I
realized millets were surviving on a thin, unorganized thread
stringing together a few millet producers in four states (SD, ND,
NE, an CO) to a handful of seed companies, grain elevators, and
birdseed packagers. To summarize, I flewWinnipeg, met with a company that offered $3.70/cwt to anybodysponsored
(producer, elevator, trucker) that could get white proso to Duluth,
MN before freeze-up. That two-hour visit established a price and a
continuous international demand for proso. By Dec. 1981 after
leading a USDAtrade team to Europe, the U.S. was established as the primarythe
supplier of millets to Europe which by then had basically driven
Argentina out of production. (Argentine Yellow Plata, likewise had
few producers, few buyers, and few exporters that did not survive
the new U.S. organized production and marketing.) Visiting the Rotterdam Grain Exchange in Dec.
1981 the only millet traded on their Floor (where actual millet
samples were displayed) was "Dakota White Proso" and "Colorado White
Proso." The difference? Colorado was a brighter white. Dakota white
proso often gets fall rains after windrowing giving the seed coat a grayish tint.
In January 1983 I left the Governor's Office of Economic Development
and helped start what became (at the time) South Dakota's largest
grain terminal and SD's largest millet buyer. To date, I believe I
am the only person that ever put together a unit train of millet.
Being, in effect,U.S. "millet guy", for many years I answered calls and millet letterTrade
inquiries from around the world. That is why I wrote "Proso Millet:
ASummary." Thereafter, when I made a call or returned a letter, I'dmention,"I have a millet marketing book, if you are interested." I printedand
500 copies of that Trade Summary and charged $100/copy (for the
first copy$17/each for additional). Farmers said it was fine to have a milletto
marketing book, but they needed a millet production guide. So in
1990, using my agronomic experience, I wrote and released Proso
Millet: A Farmer's Guide. Within a couple years I had those books in
twenty- some countries. Since they were both hand written, I hired a
lady that could read my writing and she put them on floppy discs for
printing. By 2016 I had been basically out of the Trade Summary for
years, and had a couple hundred Farmer's Guides remaining, so I
hired a company to convert themdigital and made both books available on ResearchGate for free. Nowget
they are accessible all over the world and downloaded every week
(mainly the Farmer's Guide).
I have four copies of Proso Millet: A Trade Summary remaining for
$100/each. The fifth to last I sold to a California book collector
last summer. I have about 180 left of Proso Millet: A Farmer's Guide
which I$15/each and they can be ordered from my website Culture, Learning,https://youtu.be/RBU6bhY-xug <https://youtu.be/RBU6bhY-xug>
and Adventure Books (relatingtoancients.com <http://relatingtoancients.com/>)
<https://www.relatingtoancients.com/ <https://www.relatingtoancients.com/>>.
If you want a 2 1/2 minute diversion, I published a YouTube video
after touring a Monarch butterfly winter sanctuary in Mexico this
week. I tied in my poem Migrating Monarchs with their winter
sanctuary and ended with a brief view of my Ipswich, SD farm. See.data.
Historic local production and international millet data as I printed
in the Trade Summary, is even more difficult to get now. I am not
aware of anyone else who has put in effort to independently publish
any milletof
Sorry for the long answer to your short question. Let me know if you
have others....Gary Wietgrefe
On Sat, Feb 11, 2023 at 10:33 AM Don Osborn
<don@milletsalliance.org <mailto:don@milletsalliance.org>>
wrote:Thank you, Gary, for this posting about your work on proso and
other millets. Much information here, and I look forward to delving
into somelaterit.
I had the chance to peruse your 1989 book, "Proso MIllet: A Trade
Summary" (140 pp.),/1 /2 and found it to be packed with information
and observations. I'm not aware of how often this has been
referenced inhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/284179731_Proso_Millet_A_Trad <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284179731_Proso_Millet_A_Trad>work on proso or other millets (which are mentioned), but it merits
attention for anyone researching the evolution and future of
millets in North America (noting also mentions of other millets and other regions).
Have you done any revisions or updates to this work?
All the best,
Don
DO, EL, MI, US
NAMA
Notes:
1.
e_SummaryYouTube2. Noting that this book, which is listed as self-published, is
apparently on the shelf in only 2 university libraries, in MN & SD:
https://www.worldcat.org/title/19790852 <https://www.worldcat.org/title/19790852>
On Wed, Feb 1, 2023 at 10:50 AM Gary Wietgrefe via Collab <
collab@lists.millets2023.space <mailto:collab@lists.millets2023.space>> wrote:This millet collaboration is exciting! For many decades I have
been trying to keep millet, especially proso, a viable crop. I'll
skip the earlier years, and rather than summarize my millet books,
research, and videos, I encourage you to access them for free at
ResearchGate andHardcover,links below.
ResearchGate
<https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gary-Wietgrefe/research <https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gary-Wietgrefe/research>>
--1989-book: Proso Millet: A Trade Summary
--1990-book: How to Produce Proso Millet: A Farmer's Guide
--2006-research in Turkey: Effect of Seeding Rate and Nitrogen
Fertilization on Proso Millet Under Dryland and Irrigated
Conditions --2022--research in Mongolia: Ancient Proso Millet and
the Twentieth-Century Survival of Mongolia
(12) wietgrefe millet - YouTube
<https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wietgrefe+millet <https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wietgrefe+millet>>
--2021--video: Proso Millet: Preparing to Harvest
--2021--video: Harvesting Proso Millet for High Quality Food
--2022--video: How to Produce Proso Millet: Seed to Germination
I look forward to learning more about other millet efforts....Gary
Wietgrefe
--
Author, Gary W. Wietgrefe,
https://www.RelatingtoAncients.com/ <https://www.relatingtoancients.com/>
*Destination North Pole--5,000 km by bicycle* is an exciting,
endearing, humorous, dangerous and sometimes quirky travel adventure.retailers.paperback and e-books are available on Amazon or other on-line-------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment wasMy other books tie education, school system, parenting,
technology, and business with 21st century culture and learning.
--
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https://lists.millets2023.space/mailman/listinfo/collab <https://lists.millets2023.space/mailman/listinfo/collab>
--
Author, Gary W. Wietgrefe,
https://www.RelatingtoAncients.com/ <https://www.relatingtoancients.com/>
*Destination North Pole--5,000 km by bicycle* is an exciting,
endearing, humorous, dangerous and sometimes quirky travel
adventure. Hardcover, paperback and e-books are available on Amazon or other on-line retailers.
My other books tie education, school system, parenting, technology,
and business with 21st century culture and learning.
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End of Collab Digest, Vol 13, Issue 6
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Author, Gary W. Wietgrefe,
https://www.RelatingtoAncients.com/ <https://www.relatingtoancients.com/>
*Destination North Pole--5,000 km by bicycle* is an exciting, endearing, humorous, dangerous and sometimes quirky travel adventure. Hardcover, paperback and e-books are available on Amazon or other on-line retailers.
My other books tie education, school system, parenting, technology, and business with 21st century culture and learning.
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Subject: Digest Footer
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End of Collab Digest, Vol 13, Issue 7
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Subject: Digest Footer
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End of Collab Digest, Vol 13, Issue 9
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